FSSA

People with Disabilities - Southeast Indiana Outreach Services

Epilepsy
Seizure Recognition & First Aid

Recognition of seizure disorders and knowledge of first aid is important because it is easy to mistake some seizures for something else.

Seizure Type Characteristics First-Aid
Generalized  

Tonic Clonic - body becomes rigid then jerking, usually last 2-5 minutes with complete loss of consciousness.

  1. Stay with person.
  2. Ease to floor if possible.
  3. Turn on side. Protect head (blanket or soft material).
  4. Loosen tight clothing.
  5. Move objects from vicinity.
  6. Provide privacy. Observe. Notify nurse.
Atonic - sudden loss of muscle tone. No first-aid unless person gets hurt from fall.
Myoclonic - sudden muscle jerks. No first-aid.
Absence - brief seizures with loss of consciousness, stare, blinking, rolling of eyes or mouth movement. No first aid.
Partial  
Simple - starts in one part of body or brain. May have sensory experience not obvious to an onlooker No first aid unless becomes secondarily generalized.
Complex - loss or impaired consciousness. Activity inappropriate, purposeless (i.e. lip smacking, chewing). Speak calmly and reassuringly to person and others. Guide gently away from hazards. Stay with person until completely aware of environment.
Secondarily Generalized - starts in one part of body but progresses.
  1. Stay with person.
  2. Ease to floor if possible.
  3. Turn on side. Protect head (blanket or soft material).
  4. Loosen tight clothing.
  5. Move objects from vicinity.
  6. Provide privacy. Observe. Notify nurse.

People who provide support to people who have seizures should recognize an emergency situation and notify nurse immediately if:

  1. A consumer has 3 seizures without regaining consciousness
  2. A seizure lasts longer than 3 minutes
  3. A person does not breathe for 30-60 seconds
  4. The level of consciousness has not returned within 15 minutes.

Revised: 12/16/2005

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