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ASTHMA FACT SHEET: |
How can food allergies affect asthma?
Some people with asthma also have allergies to certain foods. However, asthma symptoms due to food allergies are uncommon though the symptoms can be the same as an asthma attack. Allergic reactions to food are called anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is an immune system reaction that can have the same symptoms as asthma, such as wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. Anaphylaxis can also cause skin rashes, stomach problems, circulation problems, watery/itchy eyes and/or anxiety. In the most severe reactions death can occur. Potentially a person can be allergic to any food. However, some common foods that people are allergic to include: nuts, eggs, wheat, milk, shellfish, and soy. Allergies to foods are rare. Many times people simply can not tolerate certain foods, which usually causes indigestion.
How can food additives affect asthma?
A common food additive, sulfites, can actually cause an asthma attack or asthma symptoms , particularly in people with severe persistent asthma. Medical researchers are unsure of how sulfite additives cause asthma reactions, except that the IgE (immunoglobulin) antibody is not present as with allergic reactions. Sulfite additives found in foods/beverages include: processed potatoes, shrimp, dried fruit, and beer and wine. Wine and beer are the most common source of sulfites causing asthma symptoms. Other food additives that may cause asthma symptoms are monosodium glutamate (MSG) and yeast.
How should food allergies and certain food additives be treated?
- Avoid all foods and beverages with sulfites added to them. Read food and beverage labels and ask about ingredients in dishes when not at home.
- Foods you are allergic to should be avoided. To determine if you have a true food allergy (opposed to food intolerance), have an allergy skin test or blood test, performed by your doctor.
Want to learn more? Check out some other resources!
Tips to Remember: Food Allergy, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 2003
Tips to Remember: What is Anaphylaxis, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 2003